{"id":"W4407080718","doi":"10.1080/29973368.2025.2459270","title":"The Impacts of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Canadian Adolescents’ Vaping Behaviors: A Mixed-Method Investigation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Use","topic":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Lawson Health Research Institute; University of Waterloo; Athabasca University; Children’s Health Research Institute; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus Infections; Virology; Medicine; Outbreak","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009162286,0.001001335,0.001083892,0.00286618,0.005845689,0.002026499,0.002002268,0.0008200849,0.002518125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01141147,0.0008732112,0.00176053,0.003698294,0.001391031,0.0006735463,0.001631495,0.0008235858,0.0001660617],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03020963,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04821885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9211558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9523008,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946858,0.001720047,0.000369591,0.0005948731,0.001882076,0.0007476281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936326,0.002456314,0.0008168718,0.0004102115,0.002391293,0.0002927816],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002246735,0.004576326,0.6961315,0.004631573,0.001363998,0.0008493234,0.1498289,0.001021727,0.004225126,0.003289613,0.003143317,0.1286917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004325223,0.004298792,0.8728543,0.001154887,0.001191802,0.0001957368,0.1025484,0.003258557,0.00255035,0.0006203149,0.01063441,0.0002598823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883736,0.0006249736,0.001817424,0.0001371004,0.00002229849,0.005402566,0.001419028,0.00001647229,0.002186582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.971187,0.001409492,0.01245167,0.0005544553,0.00003082505,0.0106304,0.001212662,0.00002092821,0.002502731],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07884425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2191873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06907595130839232,"score_gpt":0.3672892697909037,"score_spread":0.2982133184825114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}