{"id":"W4407097814","doi":"10.1109/tsg.2025.3538012","title":"Cyber-Physical Interdependence for Power System Operation and Control","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Control (management); Control system; Electric power system; Cyber-physical system; Power control; Computer science; Power (physics); Control engineering; Engineering; Control theory (sociology); Electrical engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007922104,0.0001309678,0.0001674462,0.00009707017,0.0001693169,0.00004905696,0.00008639988,0.0000733229,0.000008302252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002463379,0.0001222232,0.00007384682,0.00009051409,0.00004350609,0.0001394708,6.205048e-7,0.0001689688,0.00002450146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005984258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001707371,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001107194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004390805,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999383,0.00002001991,0.0001500835,0.0001884108,0.00009154596,0.0001668986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996148,0.0001405418,0.00001012808,0.0001518348,0.00003151684,0.00005119068],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008291707,0.0006990158,0.0002175187,0.001842025,0.0008626364,0.00002508108,0.004249734,0.8368025,0.1126461,0.009809819,0.008479009,0.02353739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002712856,0.0003331664,0.000773592,0.0003643605,0.0001754239,0.00003265023,0.0006510233,0.8196758,0.1649031,0.00009215852,0.009756532,0.0005293703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1174159,0.00006887661,0.8774498,0.0001467479,0.003399215,0.0003892178,0.0000733369,0.0002412183,0.0008156504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993985,0.00001640631,0.0001206115,0.00008081357,0.00009394177,0.0001421175,0.000001522901,0.00001240547,0.0001336764],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8819826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4984118,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004219960424089189,"score_gpt":0.2159774374204765,"score_spread":0.2117574769963874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}