{"id":"W4407112958","doi":"10.1080/08853908.2025.2454536","title":"Agricultural R&D and Export Survival in ECOWAS Countries","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Trade Journal","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Center for Interuniversity Research and Analysis on Organizations; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Agriculture; International trade; Business; Agricultural economics; International economics; Economics; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008941923,0.00007935055,0.0001618538,0.0001328563,0.00009712938,0.0001562116,0.0002605332,0.00003673808,0.0002920519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008928558,0.00006214831,0.00005122219,0.00007033195,0.00005473436,0.0002527475,0.00004112483,0.0002568655,0.00003166644],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001073905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002374015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003153328,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001394137,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992867,0.00001511832,0.0003876231,0.0001454443,0.00003253756,0.0001325542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.00008630309,0.0001631343,0.00008324543,0.000009174837,0.00003168893],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004482607,0.00004542098,0.5212247,0.000008557442,0.0001062637,0.000003719314,0.0005221973,0.00003547031,0.00005710674,0.46966,0.007849288,0.0004424445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003703674,0.000007400864,0.7459539,0.00001229239,0.000002097556,0.00006663752,0.0001054643,0.00005709728,0.00005178681,0.0706641,0.1826309,0.00007796279],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9092104,0.001279388,0.0001646955,0.04098434,0.002035176,0.00005898619,0.00003616392,0.000007071616,0.04622382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996429,0.0003988437,0.00008815231,0.0004718511,0.0003187657,0.000003313752,0.000003435559,0.000003710627,0.002282881],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3989958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3197763,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03598668320015795,"score_gpt":0.2365519774793242,"score_spread":0.2005652942791663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}