{"id":"W4407152338","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae586","title":"Isotope geolocation and population genomics in <i>Vanessa cardui:</i> Short- and long-distance migrants are genetically undifferentiated","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PNAS Nexus","topic":"Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Departament de Recerca i Universitats, Generalitat de Catalunya; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas","keywords":"Panmixia; Population; Biological dispersal; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Isolation by distance; Genetic structure; Evolutionary biology; Genetic variation; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000801774,0.0001271378,0.0001514628,0.00004719924,0.00005748951,0.00002173814,0.00006758174,0.0001857206,0.000002441018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003719331,0.0001259909,0.00002157868,0.00006854419,0.0000743567,0.000004667147,0.00006859004,0.00007692307,0.000001002778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001621576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000243433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008393858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001946512,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992275,0.00005721383,0.0001868992,0.0003317974,0.00003219171,0.0001644628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996945,0.0000150361,0.00004301173,0.0001734139,0.0000348635,0.0000391463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001041905,0.00003729289,0.9748282,0.00004240443,0.00003595907,0.000004194723,0.00002685286,0.00004176386,0.004322295,0.0002575789,0.00002770803,0.02027154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005104963,0.00005391465,0.988444,0.00003903222,0.00002970984,0.000008203783,0.00002532566,0.0004649612,0.003157205,0.0004871565,0.006597097,0.0001829382],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920815,0.00330943,0.003021141,0.0002039043,0.0001094066,0.0002304511,0.00001307618,0.000008670738,0.001022425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987019,0.0003753231,0.0001351605,0.0003733597,0.00004334952,0.00002599705,0.0002285345,0.000006744814,0.0001096784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0200886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.513776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00844922850061551,"score_gpt":0.2319173309752195,"score_spread":0.223468102474604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}