{"id":"W4407166642","doi":"10.20944/preprints202502.0267.v1","title":"Self-Directed Learning and Psychological Flow Regarding the Differences Among Athletes, Musicians, and Researchers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Diverse Music Education Insights","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Athletes; Psychology; Social psychology; Flow (mathematics); Applied psychology; Medicine; Physical therapy; Mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009866361,0.000159233,0.0002587975,0.003319789,0.004666422,0.005922082,0.0006233574,0.0008492395,0.002160865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03016519,0.0001496716,0.0002647679,0.001654173,0.01303103,0.007368852,0.004161572,0.001801937,0.0001013426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002397874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003071344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003912615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005714649,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949206,0.003143,0.0002892239,0.0003498564,0.0007613191,0.0005360131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9815902,0.0135901,0.002328097,0.0005757434,0.0008975656,0.001018229],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004913173,0.00007073107,0.04063178,0.0001476509,0.00001347035,0.0002443516,0.9067096,0.00002941505,0.0002640532,0.02958886,0.0006893584,0.02156154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006356356,0.000064286,0.06229619,0.0002503423,0.00001058278,0.0002590723,0.9206561,0.00006429869,0.0002676392,0.004790643,0.01130712,0.00002725604],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671086,0.002077846,0.0009747043,0.004611804,0.0001063328,0.00004238972,0.00003390971,0.000008092828,0.02503638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979929,0.0005543499,0.0001773741,0.0002554226,0.00003007109,0.00002641891,0.00001576736,0.000004171347,0.0009436067],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009866361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05217892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2907633249060862,"score_gpt":0.3637251639737779,"score_spread":0.07296183906769171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}