{"id":"W4407184539","doi":"10.1175/jpo-d-24-0181.1","title":"Formation and Evolution of Turbulence in Convectively Unstable Internal Solitary Waves of Depression Shoaling over Gentle Slopes in the South China Sea","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of Physical Oceanography","topic":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Shoaling and schooling; Turbulence; China; Depression (economics); Geology; Internal wave; Physics; Oceanography; Geography; Mechanics; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001530804,0.0004133397,0.0002863295,0.0003545033,0.0004411995,0.0005986248,0.0003807064,0.0005024962,0.0005131551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000389524,0.0002045787,0.0006545366,0.0002709236,0.0004285186,0.0002751206,0.0003567323,0.0002701397,0.00005469923],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005773233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006354916,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03801902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01535237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999567,0.000006546236,0.000003788238,0.000008385006,0.000007498744,0.00001704999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998859,0.00002194389,0.00002476938,0.00001103688,0.00002219652,0.00003417385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001883127,0.0002484201,0.1680416,0.00005765454,0.0001831829,0.0008709247,0.0003048003,0.7954386,0.02834863,0.001047837,0.0003332125,0.004936842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003722342,0.00008664242,0.04130878,0.000004678425,0.00002424043,0.00002926446,0.0001458202,0.9570444,0.001061066,0.0001641712,0.00008047377,0.00001318743],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992829,0.000009265455,0.0003511955,0.00001872118,0.000002573815,0.000004432208,0.00002344273,0.000008010145,0.0002995266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997156,0.000008790321,0.0001448329,0.000004903228,0.000001334875,0.00000325819,0.00003675742,0.000002372955,0.00008206215],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03801902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07559544,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006533780793161335,"score_gpt":0.2189431441393309,"score_spread":0.2124093633461695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}