{"id":"W4407203673","doi":"10.1016/j.sbi.2025.102996","title":"A building blocks perspective on protein emergence and evolution","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Current Opinion in Structural Biology","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tel Aviv University; Azrieli Foundation; Israel Science Foundation; Minerva Foundation; Federation of European Biochemical Societies","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Protein evolution; Evolutionary biology; Computational biology; Biology; Data science; Computer science; Genetics; Artificial intelligence; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001065336,0.001221021,0.001250933,0.002711731,0.0006055508,0.001686476,0.001480935,0.002628496,0.003227305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001022587,0.0003795871,0.0005609714,0.00249725,0.003606182,0.004968127,0.001268053,0.004032681,0.002010936],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001893813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001428348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00134426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00137435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995994,0.0001129564,0.00003953331,0.00008346279,0.0001200463,0.0000446572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993749,0.0004499409,0.00005184549,0.00002001091,0.00006629331,0.00003713728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008561483,0.00006638812,0.0002570767,0.01847685,0.0001368225,0.0005897795,0.0007822557,0.001861027,0.002846099,0.4001224,0.0472476,0.5275282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005753987,0.00004037195,0.0002762571,0.002200611,0.00002356196,0.0006421909,0.00009296035,0.0001059589,0.0003576122,0.04886112,0.9473782,0.00001548222],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001190933,0.995237,0.0005734098,0.001351219,0.0004232086,0.000002428005,0.000009369122,0.000008720291,0.002275524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002015328,0.9946742,0.0004890457,0.001034125,0.0005874073,0.00001028319,0.00002043066,0.000006551051,0.00116254],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003227305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01374066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04370123913941459,"score_gpt":0.4094390538761722,"score_spread":0.3657378147367576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}