{"id":"W4407262908","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v15n3p404","title":"Exploring the Impact of ChatGPT on Psychological Factors in Learning English Writing among Undergraduate Students","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Journal of English Language","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Psychology; Psychological resilience; Vocabulary; Cognition; Coping (psychology); Anxiety; Mathematics education; Social psychology; Clinical psychology; Linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001033268,0.0002116792,0.0003111416,0.000503623,0.0008269464,0.001153806,0.0002225585,0.0003757976,0.001803004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007072747,0.0001903442,0.0003506998,0.0002988518,0.0004049504,0.0004652927,0.0007263733,0.000834016,0.0002120414],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000466446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008982355,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002203343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005456158,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992648,0.000222302,0.00008640067,0.00007252998,0.0002141061,0.0001399494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948367,0.001484682,0.001240428,0.0001505402,0.0006123453,0.001675395],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001486853,0.001595006,0.9581761,0.0001001604,0.000038442,0.0003277541,0.01531059,0.00004274546,0.001180773,0.00004452084,0.0001818781,0.02285327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008709905,0.0008361162,0.9825258,0.00004094975,0.0000311422,0.000158716,0.01542254,0.0001836676,0.0003267433,0.00004287926,0.0004101231,0.00001244628],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997111,0.00004221013,0.00002416317,0.00003476823,0.000003317118,0.000009359972,0.000007227447,9.161159e-7,0.0001669295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994907,0.00006924965,0.00008952073,0.00003545193,0.000004073523,0.00001775189,0.00001554153,6.30197e-7,0.000276977],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002203343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006031692,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.126209012800737,"score_gpt":0.4470449937061707,"score_spread":0.3208359809054336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}