{"id":"W4407266111","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-82742-6_1","title":"Introduction: Overview of Complexity in Decision-Making","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004164248,0.0004581913,0.001843746,0.002153498,0.0001126564,0.0002307276,0.001643777,0.0003729679,0.0386294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003908881,0.0003448823,0.0006133436,0.0007324718,0.0002134663,0.0002111766,0.001106479,0.0004904929,0.0007513318],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001543084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002596042,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004891301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00111597,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9916499,0.0001221774,0.003506454,0.001351052,0.003075322,0.000295086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9893349,0.006023893,0.001234631,0.002335431,0.0009873101,0.00008387586],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003984473,0.0000137546,0.00006156041,0.00002379774,0.00001390316,0.00001260825,0.00002600759,0.00004727611,8.261986e-7,0.6740835,0.1791201,0.1465568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001286932,0.00001819059,0.0004511365,0.000859688,0.000007862434,0.00001206187,0.0000341283,0.0005106436,6.832067e-7,0.5437967,0.4540011,0.0001791107],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004971578,0.006640559,0.02307289,0.0004490937,0.002336939,0.0004444398,0.00005351273,0.00004451799,0.9669083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01979369,0.0001045499,0.01776752,0.0002984584,0.0008893286,0.000006718777,0.000003948854,0.00003742149,0.9610984],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.274881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999003,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2949500533488495,"score_gpt":0.4400377525783453,"score_spread":0.1450876992294958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}