{"id":"W4407315364","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5883525/v1","title":"Crowdsourced online data as evidence of absence of non-target effects from the century-old introduction of Istocheta aldrichi for biological control of Popillia japonica in North America","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Biological Control of Invasive Species","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadian Museum of Nature; University of Victoria","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Popillia; Japanese beetle; Japonica; History; Control (management); Environmental ethics; Botany; Biology; Computer science; Philosophy; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00171684,0.0003107055,0.001273097,0.00007624769,0.00009177614,0.00002144862,0.003083049,0.0004346695,0.0001262251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01433255,0.0001132461,0.0003427729,0.0009428891,0.001295493,0.00007862107,0.002087033,0.0009820679,0.000001749777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006711375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001409754,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006163124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001888769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9953832,0.001272656,0.001064776,0.0009981939,0.0007762527,0.0005049228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9842653,0.01270891,0.0008515834,0.0008217836,0.001262934,0.00008944778],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00408725,0.001187704,0.1180934,0.00150313,0.0003121338,0.00000408234,0.0003043188,0.0005092346,0.8486078,0.0003109812,0.001377959,0.023702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006554118,0.003085519,0.981252,0.001447123,0.00004327915,3.28343e-7,0.0006262225,0.0009817592,0.008699263,0.001094741,0.001871306,0.0002430043],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768589,0.006412746,0.0001161492,0.005207343,0.0001362234,0.002706375,0.008529199,0.00001322141,0.00001984397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940898,0.002731562,0.0006379623,0.00007743915,0.0003744848,0.0001027897,0.001956393,0.000001981632,0.00002753155],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8631586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9939702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09306744132345568,"score_gpt":0.3647068793853493,"score_spread":0.2716394380618936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}