{"id":"W4407362855","doi":"10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863271","title":"Challenges in Protecting Micro-Grids with Inverter-Based Resources: A Focus on Line Differential Protection and Wind Turbine Type-4","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Wind power; Turbine; Line (geometry); Inverter; Computer science; Differential protection; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Aerospace engineering; Physics; Voltage; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003790926,0.0002593778,0.0002372545,0.0002109341,0.0002557295,0.000714807,0.0005108785,0.0004573796,0.0008692635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007392957,0.00009737523,0.0001800237,0.0002644738,0.0004530507,0.00136754,0.0003991003,0.0004632768,0.0001316904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003754364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000230059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007802999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001514683,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997481,0.00008537305,0.000008976415,0.00003423979,0.00009007299,0.00003325776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995403,0.0002249731,0.00008776723,0.00005583774,0.00007256866,0.00001854172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005451824,0.0002366036,0.0226096,0.0006729574,0.0001718089,0.001856163,0.0004986084,0.5929902,0.07126472,0.03797356,0.003044105,0.2681366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004541169,0.001698273,0.01177501,0.0001889646,0.00009574696,0.001721459,0.001200583,0.9043382,0.04225915,0.02189935,0.01473471,0.00004313103],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.796056,0.003074348,0.1778115,0.002189605,0.0001051485,0.00008468096,0.00008865058,0.0004107359,0.02017937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942464,0.0005479584,0.004594366,0.00003860065,0.00001597626,0.000005118329,0.00001500429,0.000007091825,0.0005294468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008692635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002907991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02934595047120473,"score_gpt":0.2198315511726219,"score_spread":0.1904856007014172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}