{"id":"W4407392807","doi":"10.3390/en18040794","title":"Integrated Micro- and Nano-Grid with Focus on Net-Zero Renewable Energy—A Survey Paper","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Renewable energy; Nano-; Zero (linguistics); Focus (optics); Zero-energy building; Grid; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Chemical engineering; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007333414,0.0001642208,0.0001685902,0.00009892529,0.00006029458,0.00007185734,0.00007791007,0.00007094051,0.0000285267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001450603,0.0001273457,0.00001905133,0.000247589,0.00002927597,0.00009445464,0.00001925353,0.00006257601,0.000002405636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002898165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002379348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002726323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004251472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994262,0.00003535471,0.000130672,0.000167973,0.00005951589,0.0001803054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996729,0.00006893086,0.00001665459,0.0001641833,0.00004604734,0.00003129975],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009098687,0.00001445554,0.0009058498,0.00001688336,0.00009191126,0.00000295245,0.0000430864,0.9285315,0.03054273,0.0004324206,0.02824872,0.01107849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003573996,0.000289737,0.01219166,0.0004181353,0.0001078305,0.00001073701,0.0001255987,0.07548928,0.5142645,0.001131305,0.3912171,0.001180142],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8330036,0.04425022,0.05279692,0.0007281806,0.002571178,0.0004371152,0.0002005613,0.002215342,0.06379683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926151,0.001726223,0.00131217,0.0002100721,0.00004664977,0.00002434687,0.00009610729,0.00003046677,0.003938873],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8530422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5193006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00348673838967073,"score_gpt":0.1643853768803244,"score_spread":0.1608986384906537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}