{"id":"W4407560011","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c04722","title":"Impact of Gas Flux on Fines Deposition during the Hydrotreating of Light Gas Oil in a Trickle-Bed Reactor","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Hydrodesulfurization; Flux (metallurgy); Deposition (geology); Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Fuel oil; Trickle-bed reactor; Chemical engineering; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Waste management; Chemistry; Catalysis; Geology; Engineering; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Sediment","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000239309,0.0003037057,0.0003930329,0.0001863792,0.0002675925,0.0004404593,0.0002204007,0.0002468967,0.0006978784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003895879,0.0001638273,0.0002640638,0.000157486,0.0002730263,0.0003718985,0.0002360527,0.0003903461,0.0001218623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003584233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002087202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002645174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00398521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998356,0.00003123568,0.00001292605,0.0000368028,0.00004813284,0.00003529745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997316,0.000114578,0.00006264541,0.00001495245,0.00004533686,0.000030918],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000552148,0.00006994843,0.001590189,0.00007167895,0.00001093861,0.00009304936,0.00006201652,0.0003980681,0.9938703,0.0000197458,0.00002201275,0.003239977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001444018,0.0007671831,0.01281077,0.000008003667,0.00002082251,0.00004732766,0.00009850901,0.00167753,0.9842528,0.00001431026,0.0002764422,0.000011879],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994695,0.0001277438,0.0001727906,0.0000110398,0.000003833532,0.000005074,0.00003556309,0.00001055321,0.0001639208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990748,0.0001843456,0.0004176767,0.000009120979,0.000002209666,0.000004270577,0.00003790505,0.000006832001,0.0002627736],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002645174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005259573,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03255693611733814,"score_gpt":0.310589878248816,"score_spread":0.2780329421314779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}