{"id":"W4407576968","doi":"10.4337/9781035326570.00008","title":"Seeing North America through old and new perspectives","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks","topic":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"History; Geography; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004742437,0.0005030832,0.0006899548,0.0004236546,0.001299937,0.001568986,0.0008333547,0.000809474,0.0003288561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008130409,0.0005147049,0.0004859864,0.0003694351,0.00108615,0.0008690277,0.0003079667,0.00162259,0.00002721545],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002031277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006093155,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007385006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003695276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967592,0.0001346109,0.0004462828,0.0009941952,0.0009516465,0.0007141111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979231,0.0004656671,0.0003000118,0.000496996,0.0002891321,0.000525139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001760585,0.0000135695,0.0001408498,0.00003550983,0.0001852722,0.00002401555,0.02477639,4.920748e-7,2.477522e-7,0.7118604,0.1342378,0.1287078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001655685,0.00004156316,0.00007179382,0.0001756744,0.0001043132,7.890276e-7,0.00121346,6.204725e-7,3.607943e-7,0.07336446,0.9243442,0.000517186],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001912249,0.007203163,0.0004252482,0.003442449,0.001029406,0.0003845605,0.00004890245,0.0004394866,0.9870077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001139266,0.002358069,0.002180741,0.001517696,0.002247893,0.00001404133,0.00003565077,0.0000564352,0.9904502],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7901064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02393200694715184,"score_gpt":0.2564452287893208,"score_spread":0.232513221842169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}