{"id":"W4407597669","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144200","title":"Laser-ablation vs. bulk tissue ICP-MS for conifer tissue elemental analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ablation; Elemental analysis; Laser ablation; Chemistry; Laser; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Radiochemistry; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Medicine; Optics; Inorganic chemistry; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005743754,0.0006923665,0.0005394612,0.000629203,0.000401557,0.0005559803,0.0005691553,0.0003320616,0.002788042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004726516,0.0002822127,0.0002168997,0.0006699925,0.0002469864,0.0005038449,0.0003608402,0.0006106526,0.0009919226],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000480148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006461377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004805641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01469306,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991965,0.00005267413,0.00003813899,0.0004108702,0.0002447953,0.00005715499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997231,0.00009208052,0.00003287672,0.00003206069,0.0001059959,0.00001388321],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006890833,0.00001697865,0.001652851,0.0001062919,0.00001381616,0.00003362699,0.00003856015,0.0001783041,0.9877002,0.0001177202,0.0001741283,0.009898679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002356997,0.0003165843,0.03103266,0.00003100076,0.00007222142,0.0004886762,0.0001560143,0.007539571,0.9485356,0.0004672461,0.01130357,0.00003319973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6470826,0.003790422,0.318698,0.000191885,0.0001544204,0.0009044103,0.009245546,0.004633032,0.01529959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.594565,0.002780588,0.385098,0.000360782,0.00005138337,0.001435456,0.003460935,0.0009462098,0.01130158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004805641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00955534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007648499066760602,"score_gpt":0.2661669551476173,"score_spread":0.2585184560808567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}