{"id":"W4407636329","doi":"10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.02.021","title":"Elucidation of alkali element's role in optimizing metal transfer behavior in rutile-type flux-cored arc welding","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Manufacturing Processes","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Alkali metal; Rutile; Welding; Flux (metallurgy); Arc (geometry); Metallurgy; Submerged arc welding; Arc welding; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002906007,0.0001623306,0.0003486918,0.0006297623,0.00002719094,0.00003668301,0.0002393088,0.00009940345,0.00004072987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006528165,0.0001453174,0.00006641905,0.0003537373,0.0000200462,0.0003190409,0.00002808031,0.0003240524,3.394192e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009698273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000667522,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004040298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006840351,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987592,0.00002181271,0.0006725718,0.0001142924,0.0002133902,0.0002187979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996092,0.00007643947,0.00009502241,0.0000949739,0.00009075693,0.00003364016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003329379,0.0004068403,0.009667088,0.003613106,0.0001989621,0.0001347092,0.00126114,0.8992605,0.06609944,0.00002959848,0.0003371037,0.01865864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004499729,0.00007835661,0.007187087,0.0008101886,0.00005343004,0.00001177061,0.0002381534,0.00009753682,0.9900976,0.0002670472,0.0005808439,0.0001280179],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948233,0.001783502,0.002439975,0.00005419853,0.0001771638,0.000149078,0.000002599111,0.00004776531,0.0005224491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959176,0.0008551114,0.0031214,0.000007965731,0.0000365281,0.000009570911,0.00000304365,0.00001940474,0.00002938714],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9239982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.592587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01071945272165541,"score_gpt":0.2477187874144487,"score_spread":0.2369993346927933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}