{"id":"W4407677030","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109802","title":"Effect of non-uniform nanofluid concentration on interferometric heat transfer measurements","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nanofluid; Materials science; Interferometry; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006663002,0.001105855,0.0009305922,0.0006536576,0.0009106919,0.0009795378,0.001217714,0.00127068,0.0006979476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01995743,0.0007811479,0.0004739873,0.0006290457,0.001496551,0.001318002,0.001200449,0.001043106,0.0002081403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001141039,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007282017,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001530867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001777121,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938699,0.001657815,0.0006541031,0.001015313,0.002443569,0.0003592544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9733883,0.01993363,0.001788146,0.001884603,0.002840328,0.0001649957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003779264,0.00007010664,0.003022046,0.0002175502,0.00003919477,0.0001484908,0.0002982709,0.005242177,0.980398,0.0004289925,0.00007061964,0.009686553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001440411,0.0002289368,0.001804577,0.00001089592,0.00002400577,0.00004722246,0.00003037329,0.01369504,0.9837888,0.00009025944,0.0002434812,0.00002196444],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8675916,0.001405635,0.1277297,0.0004040647,0.0001959734,0.0003062444,0.0001828247,0.0006480199,0.001535953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9287605,0.0003556318,0.06979162,0.0001610565,0.00002221252,0.0001825103,0.00008944604,0.0001356037,0.0005013089],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006663002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03523773,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01527025080695038,"score_gpt":0.2780214426160473,"score_spread":0.262751191809097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}