{"id":"W4407699356","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469643","title":"Neuraminidase reassortment and oseltamivir resistance in clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses circulating among Canadian poultry, 2024","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","topic":"Animal Virus Infections Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Ministry of Agriculture; University of Saskatchewan; University of Manitoba; Public Health Agency of Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada; Public Health Agency of Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency","keywords":"Reassortment; Influenza A virus subtype H5N1; Oseltamivir; Neuraminidase; Clade; Virology; Neuraminidase inhibitor; Biology; Microbiology; Virus; Gene; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Genetics; Phylogenetics; Medicine; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001675087,0.0002110629,0.0002091339,0.0001500483,0.001082668,0.0001127307,0.0001071277,0.0001091411,0.0001604556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001890435,0.0001223239,0.0000796386,0.001125444,0.0001415261,0.0001742718,0.00009903779,0.000290449,0.00002495054],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002481799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003667888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1809278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8597112,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998629,0.00009447164,0.0003277795,0.0004244915,0.00008109865,0.0004432083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994559,0.0002160292,0.00007449272,0.00008328378,0.00006426676,0.000106044],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005260162,0.00009776898,0.9439884,0.00001884689,0.00005291408,0.0000111919,0.0002237648,0.00005967516,0.04748348,0.001112971,0.003726618,0.003219075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001152764,0.00003886078,0.9147871,0.0001381358,0.00003197765,0.000005989467,0.0006716058,0.00002770839,0.0004620626,0.000380444,0.08311132,0.0002294724],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799798,0.0009005743,0.000005622176,0.001134834,0.0003883066,0.0002721747,0.0000496633,0.0001041423,0.01716495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997714,0.0001981457,0.00005898418,0.0003942025,0.00008700032,0.00007192804,0.00001229424,0.000002499136,0.001460979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6787834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8327119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01129389271568537,"score_gpt":0.2397976421791952,"score_spread":0.2285037494635099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}