{"id":"W4407780715","doi":"10.3390/batteries11030084","title":"Evaluating the Role of Entropy Change in Lithium-Ion Battery Electro-Thermal Modelling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Batteries","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Ion; Lithium (medication); Thermal; Battery (electricity); Materials science; Lithium-ion battery; Entropy (arrow of time); Thermodynamics; Computer science; Chemistry; Physics; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002474675,0.0001435574,0.0001935531,0.0002122425,0.00005659364,0.00002656915,0.0003437934,0.00008249623,0.00004984955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004396446,0.0001182781,0.0000387392,0.0003826333,0.0001021857,0.0001975811,0.0001421164,0.0003240212,0.000008851716],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000907272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001653969,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004108065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009506698,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989434,0.00005593033,0.0002634935,0.0001691235,0.0001879384,0.0003801235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994159,0.000150856,0.0000313761,0.0003528202,0.00003628731,0.00001277368],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006319932,0.00002492431,0.01009956,0.0001660981,0.00003908408,0.000003455623,0.0009642502,0.1388984,0.7244891,0.001094623,0.00007166188,0.1240857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001885222,0.00007706453,0.003006032,0.0001435231,0.00000786513,0.000001672112,0.0004299189,0.4775702,0.513625,0.003331838,0.001457906,0.0001605094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869776,0.001499193,0.009453119,0.0006691277,0.0001118928,0.0003205593,0.000006310622,0.0002102529,0.0007519912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979241,0.0001434438,0.001489214,0.00009471077,0.00004525695,0.0002115238,0.000004572976,0.00002317183,0.00006401647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3386718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.482324,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03863770895476167,"score_gpt":0.3177056753173313,"score_spread":0.2790679663625696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}