{"id":"W4407821538","doi":"10.1111/jbfa.12860","title":"Corruption and Default Risk: Global Evidence","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Business Finance &amp Accounting","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"RMIT University","keywords":"Language change; Business; Economics; Political science; Philosophy; Linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001733077,0.00008340795,0.0001942938,0.00009535329,0.0004379289,0.0002089208,0.0001885734,0.00007234757,0.00004346886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001886228,0.0000818374,0.00004412625,0.0005893472,0.00009682313,0.0009374825,0.00005975232,0.0001398262,0.00001783529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003117539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005551244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006675585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001215578,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999,0.00005006949,0.0004254203,0.0001268812,0.000199234,0.0001983887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985819,0.0001275086,0.0006177388,0.00007608493,0.0005649317,0.00003184443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005157429,0.00002418707,0.6620144,0.00003380894,0.00001309923,0.000003693563,0.0008921612,0.0003860735,0.00002892211,0.002451004,0.0009364018,0.3331646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002210583,0.000003849575,0.8568236,0.0005400262,0.00001940792,0.000009982595,0.0006990382,0.00008234418,0.0000020545,0.0006682151,0.1408397,0.00009077262],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806462,0.001391016,0.01141969,0.002214415,0.001691281,0.00006812203,0.000001438433,0.00001415771,0.002553659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921018,0.005025608,0.001717383,0.0001943704,0.0002492225,0.000001604675,2.441008e-7,0.000003025552,0.000706781],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3330739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3368239,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03027372922316632,"score_gpt":0.3258508508935843,"score_spread":0.2955771216704179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}