{"id":"W4407837024","doi":"10.1016/j.wneu.2025.123821","title":"A Population-Based Cohort Study of Glioblastoma (World Health Organization Grade 4 Gliomas) in Ontario: Continued Improvement in Care over 25 Years","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Neurosurgery","topic":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Queen's University","keywords":"Medicine; Glioblastoma; Glioma; Cohort; Population; Cohort study; Temozolomide; Oncology; Internal medicine; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000526912,0.0002794658,0.0003823258,0.0008093753,0.001828427,0.000851411,0.0007582403,0.0003929487,0.001146826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001490317,0.0003327216,0.0006279626,0.002971607,0.0004477693,0.0005365016,0.0006534106,0.0004600454,0.0001824564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01369891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01504095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9676055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9786098,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992664,0.00005574387,0.0000497021,0.0001526302,0.0002342642,0.0002411832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987373,0.00004242888,0.0004756704,0.0000699586,0.000424493,0.0002502943],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003597265,0.00001366952,0.9982702,0.00001136223,0.00003744844,0.00005542851,0.000364601,0.000022567,0.0001004943,0.00001811007,0.0003565899,0.0007136982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004715538,0.00001512594,0.9992021,0.00000673333,0.00001456108,0.00003401228,0.0003409995,0.00006281175,0.000009332119,0.000006037319,0.000300656,0.000002988878],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955863,0.0003150351,0.00007028142,0.0002128248,0.000007482835,0.0000436642,0.003046652,0.000005633138,0.0007121293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979493,0.00019237,0.00009780275,0.00006886509,0.00000553824,0.00002468736,0.001311283,0.000001972772,0.0003480385],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03239447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09939301,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009264938303052824,"score_gpt":0.2622662878475485,"score_spread":0.2530013495444957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}