{"id":"W4407911981","doi":"10.1080/19325037.2025.2466963","title":"Participatory Theory Building: A Methodological Review and Conceptualization","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"American Journal of Health Education","topic":"Participatory Visual Research Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Conceptualization; Sociology; Citizen journalism; Participatory action research; Psychology; Qualitative research; Pedagogy; Engineering ethics; Epistemology; Social science; Political science; Computer science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.04425445,0.0001968125,0.002311417,0.000343008,0.000344376,0.00004145054,0.000361518,0.00009478984,0.0001126549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03026269,0.0001536794,0.0002279745,0.001163658,0.001065018,0.0001535373,0.00004728749,0.0005356535,0.000003245379],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006297292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02250715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001343164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004769622,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9487333,0.04871156,0.001403085,0.0002369617,0.0004860597,0.0004290801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9884585,0.00745901,0.002901225,0.0002033725,0.0004740825,0.000503876],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003675149,0.00006603919,0.00000890839,0.01283195,0.00004357622,4.236644e-7,0.001526167,4.064202e-8,2.586366e-8,0.01561128,0.00194066,0.9679673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002958759,0.000237865,0.00001793886,0.03045176,0.0005109251,0.000008524493,0.002377151,1.081532e-7,6.991196e-8,0.001278905,0.9649734,0.0001137007],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000007131546,0.9897137,0.006545952,0.002028323,0.000503408,0.0008323745,0.000003115076,0.00001316148,0.0003528934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00002045492,0.9870966,0.01008456,0.002250561,0.0002517298,0.0001118693,0.000002934571,0.00001417475,0.0001670961],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9678535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9841412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.8608100545319081,"score_gpt":0.7802839039574893,"score_spread":0.08052615057441881,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}