{"id":"W4407922354","doi":"10.3390/economies13030063","title":"Technical Progress and Sustainable Growth in the Manufacturing Sector of North American Countries, 1984–2022: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economies","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Frontier; Stochastic frontier analysis; Manufacturing sector; Sustainable growth rate; Economics; Regional science; Sustainable development; Economic geography; Econometrics; Macroeconomics; Geography; Political science; Production (economics); Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001652293,0.0004571625,0.000395221,0.001141951,0.000309073,0.00104852,0.0003772648,0.0005382316,0.001322365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001951951,0.0002675489,0.001279772,0.001540562,0.0005140973,0.0006092832,0.0006084261,0.0005674955,0.0001616669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001540715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001319579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05672434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03015287,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996568,0.0001477638,0.00001574524,0.00006137293,0.00004892694,0.00006940418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992645,0.000465134,0.0001458752,0.00002655803,0.00007605585,0.00002188562],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007773178,0.00006503832,0.04499374,0.00006000674,0.0001949966,0.0001851159,0.0001718515,0.9385906,0.000615843,0.008167995,0.0005866893,0.006290387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002017778,0.0001906969,0.094148,0.00004908795,0.0001486837,0.00008676772,0.0007330605,0.8929489,0.0007648229,0.007618924,0.003246057,0.00004488538],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9772421,0.0005875567,0.01733441,0.0003993134,0.00001314558,0.00003448377,0.0009607181,0.00005665786,0.003371557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947498,0.0005127543,0.002218379,0.00001972069,0.000007073106,0.0000372262,0.0009973376,0.000006388082,0.001451202],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05672434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1127883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002818608325868062,"score_gpt":0.2058377603777701,"score_spread":0.203019152051902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}