{"id":"W4407956910","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.300","title":"Comprehensive review of bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells with a focus on materials, processing methods and characteristics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Focus (optics); Fuel cells; Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Process engineering; Chemistry; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002197459,0.0001414638,0.0003959675,0.0001697393,0.0000171762,0.00003243526,0.0001594132,0.00006604494,0.00003152251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001757571,0.000102499,0.00005403668,0.00006362504,0.0000308556,0.0000812163,0.00002513378,0.00006300744,2.685738e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003372313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003456597,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008307695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.923246e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990885,0.00004510041,0.0005117746,0.00008966619,0.0001626177,0.0001023157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999168,0.00008099549,0.0003006095,0.00006272383,0.0003520221,0.00003564795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000463232,0.00007479905,0.000004123163,0.03516139,0.0008242334,0.00004293594,0.00009953295,0.001211379,0.9332103,0.0001971852,0.0001433115,0.02856754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005685491,0.0001417266,0.000005396852,0.006584392,0.00009076656,0.00007093315,0.000006596052,0.0008126712,0.9088388,0.0003235888,0.08245748,0.00009909768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3479561,0.6316648,0.01190842,0.001012471,0.004215125,0.001276501,0.0004040695,0.00009361723,0.001468903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5828747,0.4020695,0.01394616,0.0004196948,0.0004027742,0.00007101378,0.00003884048,0.00007162353,0.0001057271],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2349185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.417979,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01032467205980865,"score_gpt":0.2748196041006547,"score_spread":0.2644949320408461,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}