{"id":"W4407959434","doi":"10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103039","title":"IFIFusion: A independent feature information fusion model for surface defect detection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Information Fusion","topic":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Information fusion; Computer science; Feature (linguistics); Surface (topology); Fusion; Artificial intelligence; Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009794426,0.0009367026,0.001112103,0.0008518269,0.0003285379,0.0008907638,0.001725093,0.001285537,0.001812781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001537397,0.000393224,0.001182743,0.0008820776,0.0004498256,0.001734033,0.001226606,0.001232646,0.0007996289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006366149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007670665,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005837202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004320255,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996113,0.00006281986,0.00001734177,0.00009297553,0.0001723441,0.00004322815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996766,0.00009695925,0.00003009495,0.00006595313,0.0001137531,0.00001656836],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003951596,0.0001895803,0.00143293,0.0001229324,0.0002600425,0.0001369946,0.00008792339,0.499953,0.02013833,0.01607988,0.00837078,0.4528325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005029137,0.00003055472,0.0002007334,0.000002953997,0.00001287209,0.00002505668,0.000002572309,0.9933503,0.002637748,0.003088458,0.0006354143,0.00000825954],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005273561,0.0001288117,0.9927509,0.00006870094,0.00002839221,0.0000263964,0.0001532826,0.001126523,0.0004434317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.440933,0.0004669584,0.5500838,0.0002929704,0.0001063917,0.0002540128,0.001536208,0.0004118494,0.005914938],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005837202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01160645,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009003721558036406,"score_gpt":0.2198293519586381,"score_spread":0.2108256304006017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}