{"id":"W4407960559","doi":"10.1149/1945-7111/adba8f","title":"Operando 3D Imaging of Electrolyte Motion in Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Electrolyte; Ion; Motion (physics); Materials science; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Physics; Classical mechanics; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002822419,0.0001088258,0.0002483741,0.0000682648,0.00003086658,0.00000898896,0.000480198,0.0001158456,0.00000665057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001211836,0.00007876297,0.000241077,0.0006164516,0.0000722441,0.0001019786,0.00009128806,0.001130775,6.231729e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004473809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004346653,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001046745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.044902e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998913,0.00003037236,0.0003963786,0.00009120533,0.0002502845,0.0003187429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995247,0.0001150626,0.00008207805,0.0001652144,0.00008660299,0.00002641606],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003415636,0.00003665327,0.0009000177,0.00003600155,0.0000390661,7.65395e-7,0.00003462818,0.001049442,0.9940574,0.00002054234,0.0004923294,0.003298952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006061126,0.0000222415,0.000521647,0.00006991456,0.00001247817,0.00001139903,0.00002933697,0.02266117,0.9745645,0.001194747,0.0002425066,0.00006397258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7801564,0.001508703,0.2159154,0.001638444,0.0001838861,0.0001624585,6.766385e-7,0.00005647351,0.0003774943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995025,0.0004612692,0.004332583,0.00008286649,0.00004790151,0.000002964086,3.283934e-7,0.00001238925,0.00003464274],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2148686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4912718,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004335951696880935,"score_gpt":0.2400047408907399,"score_spread":0.235668789193859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}