{"id":"W4407973030","doi":"10.1177/09562478251317993","title":"Tax reform coalitions for urban development: the politics of property tax reform in Sierra Leone","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environment and Urbanization","topic":"Urban and Rural Development Challenges","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"International Development Research Centre","funders":"Direktoratet for Utviklingssamarbeid; Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","keywords":"Property tax; Sierra leone; Tax reform; Politics; Political science; Double taxation; Property (philosophy); State income tax; Economics; Political economy; Development economics; Market economy; Public economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003638981,0.00009274386,0.0001170338,0.00007502089,0.0005163808,0.00002296026,0.0001196007,0.00008551104,0.00005020444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003837688,0.00005697255,0.00002044405,0.0001665972,0.0001956485,0.0001319536,0.00004754296,0.00006162384,0.000003900529],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005355764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001087121,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005908985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00110976,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991526,0.00004446758,0.0002619347,0.000155445,0.0001767356,0.0002088017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997249,0.00003526253,0.00007971741,0.00009888804,0.0000237126,0.00003747629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005815943,0.0004691211,0.05435002,0.0002340266,0.000124091,0.000001229288,0.07600081,0.00003169977,0.000411187,0.8352691,0.01612344,0.01692712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006733075,0.00004294345,0.09685189,0.0001066782,0.00002667493,2.475585e-7,0.01497115,0.0001176439,0.0009023732,0.004114053,0.8819746,0.0002184351],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4838257,0.01033144,0.01348409,0.1216043,0.001493657,0.008176144,0.000160764,0.000241526,0.3606824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8875124,0.001243542,0.0007690492,0.0001576928,0.00005911853,0.00007447452,0.00006388116,0.000008654212,0.1101111],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8658512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3971636,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0216844067213098,"score_gpt":0.2422993697861192,"score_spread":0.2206149630648094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}