{"id":"W4408036396","doi":"10.1007/s12649-025-02946-5","title":"Recent Advances in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Food Waste Derived Bioproducts: Valorization Approaches, Applications, and the Prospective Assessment","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Waste and Biomass Valorization","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioproducts; Hydrothermal carbonization; Food waste; Waste management; Carbonization; Environmental science; Hydrothermal circulation; Biofuel; Engineering; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Adsorption","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001867291,0.0001562106,0.0001979413,0.0001691171,0.00006733197,0.00003306995,0.0000946888,0.00008924593,0.00000252789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003465959,0.0001239533,0.00001806242,0.0009790912,0.0001348099,0.000255898,0.00004671355,0.00006971759,2.235721e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006860813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003314044,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003655394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009946686,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990782,0.00005063148,0.0003268403,0.0002724583,0.0001400437,0.0001318286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995635,0.00005276993,0.00009800022,0.0001609309,0.00009869261,0.00002607093],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000239616,0.0001650014,0.01618543,0.002008544,0.0001846661,3.832286e-7,0.0009949785,0.002507362,0.7444099,0.05029206,0.00001548713,0.1829966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002420716,0.00005254341,0.001631026,0.0001167472,0.00007109356,0.000001239532,0.001221873,0.02360266,0.9653818,0.004662512,0.0006059345,0.0002318868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8958194,0.02472111,0.07473043,0.0005029158,0.0002550809,0.00214741,0.00002386337,0.000161612,0.001638163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992973,0.006274393,0.0003983965,0.00001323691,0.00004285187,0.0001954936,0.00007366155,0.00001618313,0.0000128051],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2209719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5054668,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007544021964916343,"score_gpt":0.2054426919082695,"score_spread":0.1978986699433532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}