{"id":"W4408053177","doi":"10.3138/calico-2025-0117","title":"Assessing the Pedagogical Potential of Google Translate's Speech Capabilities: Focus on French Pronunciation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CALICO Journal","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Pronunciation; Focus (optics); Computer science; Linguistics; Natural language processing; Speech recognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007424044,0.0001059161,0.0001700848,0.0001230902,0.0002380488,0.0001263007,0.000184324,0.0001247228,0.02712905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001113725,0.00007046326,0.0001515169,0.0001679293,0.00008083964,0.00009903197,0.00001061784,0.0006138876,0.00003755588],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005649514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000921403,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005441777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003462552,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985929,0.0004353141,0.0003679557,0.0001577548,0.0002262872,0.0002197755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992987,0.0001858116,0.0001648075,0.0001964681,0.0001018509,0.00005239057],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003881463,0.001396157,0.005214075,0.0001202691,0.0007723856,0.000736054,0.107388,0.001074098,0.02999282,0.03908343,0.03562107,0.7782135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01347842,0.001952714,0.5134013,0.001005653,0.000781127,0.004107137,0.3036098,0.002099529,0.01637425,0.03633711,0.1054361,0.001416898],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9436845,0.002415003,0.006623008,0.002316972,0.001064623,0.0001404414,0.000004291236,0.00002685958,0.04372429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945142,0.000003156208,0.0001193844,0.002098674,0.0004104929,0.000005809366,0.000003484131,0.000009072027,0.002835735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7767966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9737603,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04165508113464913,"score_gpt":0.3973534724098592,"score_spread":0.3556983912752101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}