{"id":"W4408064879","doi":"10.3390/su17052110","title":"Unlocking the Potential of Biosurfactants in Agriculture: Novel Applications and Future Directions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Agriculture; Biochemical engineering; Biotechnology; Environmental science; Engineering; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00176634,0.0007904563,0.0009909845,0.001097834,0.0004353879,0.002427677,0.0006424176,0.00214304,0.002620328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008174961,0.0002869446,0.0008113996,0.001102738,0.001600705,0.004131136,0.00139142,0.002125968,0.0009874292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008675858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001578178,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007816445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001891133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995565,0.0001079386,0.00002912122,0.00007194222,0.0001416877,0.00009286143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992856,0.0003479313,0.00008093016,0.00002507391,0.0001681405,0.00009242884],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003516248,0.0002840446,0.001417556,0.01426937,0.0001301229,0.001428842,0.0007814736,0.003849929,0.1372887,0.06243146,0.01167188,0.766095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004205484,0.001225296,0.002095832,0.003000382,0.0001606951,0.002280086,0.001675066,0.003729205,0.04523625,0.05891508,0.8815172,0.0001229574],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.007959447,0.97357,0.006771655,0.006630457,0.0004062563,0.00001605377,0.00004944108,0.00005424005,0.004542491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04576105,0.9454722,0.005138796,0.001329697,0.0005001458,0.00002268728,0.00006835224,0.00001017635,0.001696874],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002620328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009341419,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002744094079187098,"score_gpt":0.2173180029829154,"score_spread":0.2145739089037283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}