{"id":"W4408078001","doi":"10.1007/s43939-025-00211-z","title":"Enhancing Biogas Generation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-Treatment Strategies for Napier Grass in Anaerobic Digestion","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Materials","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Digestion (alchemy); Biotechnology; Agronomy; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Pulp and paper industry; Biology; Chemistry; Methane; Ecology; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001589428,0.0004548821,0.0003599717,0.0006284692,0.0002229858,0.00034493,0.00019734,0.0002381163,0.000751572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001077437,0.0001143817,0.0004783766,0.0005359754,0.0001051828,0.0004562082,0.0001270759,0.0002822059,0.0001590793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003315488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003193467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001618573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00453746,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999108,0.00001083332,0.000006019769,0.00001443635,0.00003832547,0.00001941471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999709,0.000006274248,0.000007717478,0.000001402825,0.000009392794,0.000004224259],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002219999,0.0001570554,0.001091572,0.002326556,0.00006913824,0.0001664817,0.0000855818,0.001576096,0.930766,0.0003531484,0.0001876027,0.06299872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001530081,0.002450796,0.03074444,0.0003279207,0.0003231439,0.0003905434,0.0004032239,0.003627977,0.9269398,0.0003695724,0.03436539,0.000042021],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9013142,0.08382386,0.005006297,0.000178271,0.00004990324,0.0001816563,0.0005621739,0.00004314426,0.008840535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8835258,0.09830246,0.01105387,0.0001228402,0.00002606648,0.0000920456,0.0008686587,0.00002366053,0.005984583],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001618573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003218293,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01669112428925892,"score_gpt":0.2640998862764983,"score_spread":0.2474087619872394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}