{"id":"W4408086357","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-71385-9_9","title":"Investigating the Impact of Fluency Manipulations on Belief in Fake News on Social Media Platforms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in information systems and organisation","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluency; Social media; Fake news; Psychology; Computer science; Internet privacy; Social psychology; World Wide Web; Mathematics education","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007421258,0.0002410926,0.0003313475,0.0006394989,0.0003747828,0.0002023592,0.0001564476,0.0005095716,0.0001035188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001228906,0.0001700839,0.00007690151,0.0002579148,0.000119148,0.0007905988,0.00002414717,0.0004472485,0.00002999073],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005219564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004321568,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00144157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001773923,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980897,0.00005115922,0.0009529485,0.0001131637,0.0005887519,0.0002043171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982413,0.0006447051,0.0007543251,0.0001601764,0.0001399254,0.00005953757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002485987,0.0000132195,0.0007234932,0.0001645849,0.00002926039,2.039084e-7,0.2919081,0.009886093,0.000005479077,0.6554052,0.0007696755,0.04106978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009864117,0.001222237,0.2427001,0.0122513,0.0002229501,0.00001935205,0.07850405,0.02530403,0.0003375778,0.5623352,0.06246137,0.00477777],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08729413,0.0001853636,0.003271033,0.001781074,0.001348668,0.003472763,0.0002901106,0.0001505117,0.9022064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985563,0.00009853476,0.00002761285,0.0003602816,0.0002064795,0.000006623514,0.000220916,0.00001093593,0.000512314],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9112622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6935822,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04341101259021886,"score_gpt":0.3047743965795696,"score_spread":0.2613633839893508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}