{"id":"W4408154205","doi":"10.1080/2150704x.2025.2471592","title":"Unsupervised change detection in SAR images using a non-local mean filter and hyperbolic tangent sigmoid function","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Remote Sensing Letters","topic":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sigmoid function; Hyperbolic function; Tangent; Function (biology); Filter (signal processing); Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Computer vision; Change detection; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Artificial neural network","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007754106,0.0004728393,0.0004769958,0.0009604787,0.0002818989,0.0005815756,0.0006246024,0.0005058125,0.0004221431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001204518,0.0002724168,0.000718358,0.0006988028,0.0004901012,0.0007949554,0.0004080081,0.0004738024,0.0002485121],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004658696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006404998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002206668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003317142,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996459,0.00006978372,0.00002361495,0.0001060716,0.0001247255,0.0000298361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996215,0.0001272422,0.00005941693,0.00004723237,0.0001273845,0.00001711511],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000306629,0.0002381577,0.005919016,0.000201733,0.0001945988,0.0002404075,0.0003577019,0.1342,0.1844962,0.01017682,0.001216414,0.6624523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001009122,0.00009578916,0.004468737,0.00001109037,0.00002709219,0.0001749503,0.00004644052,0.9535415,0.03784015,0.001894546,0.001865614,0.00002394989],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.03069831,0.00009428445,0.9684317,0.00004048818,0.00001504557,0.00002785475,0.00002048867,0.000221729,0.0004502085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3465858,0.0002761562,0.6499493,0.00007036283,0.00003887206,0.00009394447,0.000127463,0.00008651227,0.00277166],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002206668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004387677,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02966704263263788,"score_gpt":0.2590285434535944,"score_spread":0.2293615008209565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}