{"id":"W4408188642","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2025.1559636","title":"Prevalence of Bluetongue and the distribution of Culicoides species in northern and southern regions of Kazakhstan in 2023–2024","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","topic":"Vector-Borne Animal Diseases","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Canadian Food Inspection Agency","funders":"","keywords":"Culicoides; Distribution (mathematics); Geography; Zoology; Ecology; Veterinary medicine; Biology; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004422595,0.00007190165,0.0001802312,0.00006392269,0.00004335219,0.0000118009,0.0002860494,0.00002818851,0.000005218721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000217125,0.00003082257,0.0000263687,0.001178442,0.001703988,0.0001348003,0.000157196,0.00005952425,9.989426e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002880657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003277751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008779271,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001155153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991678,0.00008380271,0.000246549,0.00021529,0.0001458684,0.000140714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996777,0.0001050887,0.00008796358,0.00006529244,0.00004050756,0.00002344625],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001804591,0.00005995615,0.9521881,0.00008563863,0.000002175268,0.000003028644,0.0004669635,0.0000177256,0.04379939,0.000784538,0.00002334366,0.002388703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001809555,0.0001855152,0.9945913,0.0001846468,0.000004386391,0.000001469137,0.00304482,0.000359776,0.0002548416,0.001085142,0.00005786441,0.00004926512],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973676,0.001850654,0.00001007808,0.0002432573,0.00006114758,0.0001699105,0.0001086637,0.000002617523,0.0001860227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993859,0.0004098165,0.00005577024,0.00000845039,0.000004206953,0.000005894889,0.000001910324,2.937407e-7,0.0001277403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04354455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6278415,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01384585694961568,"score_gpt":0.2257955340720226,"score_spread":0.2119496771224069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}