{"id":"W4408226760","doi":"10.1142/s0219877025500105","title":"Innovation Effects of Information and Communication Technologies: Evidence from Canadian Firms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Industrial organization; Information and Communications Technology; Marketing; Knowledge management; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005541915,0.0000644634,0.0001563398,0.003533254,0.00004241373,0.00004215645,0.0002855309,0.0001001346,0.000007471373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008345397,0.00007209258,0.000008817546,0.00112301,0.00009897229,0.0006075553,0.0001168842,0.0001425854,0.00000321601],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001069804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003247132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008375754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001438655,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989899,0.000006432159,0.000808531,0.00009428379,0.00003376866,0.00006707208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984925,0.00005434094,0.0008235038,0.000152865,0.0004689248,0.000007866265],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001334428,0.00001344947,0.07787824,0.00003767358,0.0001336564,9.407428e-7,0.00005932588,0.000003059613,0.0001082342,0.8321575,0.0004508857,0.08914372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001010039,0.000082404,0.1202339,0.0004448979,0.00001632851,0.000006429905,0.0004746806,0.0003461318,0.004777128,0.8371884,0.035289,0.0001306187],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9437703,0.002618145,0.02193365,0.02819855,0.0005371286,0.0001982595,0.00001695277,0.00002743692,0.002699588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941192,0.001464586,0.004082823,0.0002610677,0.000008310255,0.000007869236,0.00001276486,0.000002103788,0.0000412987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08901309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3152685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01245859500139085,"score_gpt":0.231571061177919,"score_spread":0.2191124661765282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}