{"id":"W4408298713","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2025.141002","title":"Characterization of Atmospheric Organic Carbon and Element Carbon of PM2.5 during the Long Dry Period in Cotonou, Benin","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Open Journal of Air Pollution","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Period (music); Carbon fibers; Total organic carbon; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Chemistry; Materials science; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003332662,0.00007820003,0.0002073472,0.000006008999,0.00005330891,0.00002215685,0.0002016277,0.00004227144,0.0001287765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002287419,0.00005734288,0.00002910072,0.0002777142,0.00005944847,0.0001560868,0.00003141063,0.0001138163,1.161167e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001846549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001228926,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006192709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003553601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991865,0.00006031193,0.0004221452,0.00008696384,0.0001365353,0.0001076137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994158,0.00001794141,0.0003981842,0.00008954038,0.00004750027,0.00003106166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002312888,0.00003463713,0.7023079,0.00008470345,0.00003953147,0.00000805599,0.0005976835,0.002760044,0.2905867,0.000006887627,0.000001398576,0.00334117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005295791,0.00008893666,0.9141146,0.0001729799,0.00002012154,0.00001422376,0.0004264421,0.00143879,0.08309831,0.00001874001,0.0000245709,0.00005269069],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982858,0.0003114719,0.00003977102,0.0004002487,0.00009651503,0.0001501155,0.000006508938,0.00000140006,0.000708216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994948,0.0001331401,0.0001422906,0.00002386148,0.00002978438,4.139201e-7,0.000004927955,0.000001852614,0.0001689668],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2118068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2338375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004812060219805254,"score_gpt":0.2018175855866534,"score_spread":0.1970055253668481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}