{"id":"W4408346917","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05798","title":"Broadband Electrical Spectra of Hydrate-Bearing Sediments and Saturation Evaluation of Hydrate and Gas: A Cross-Scale Numerical Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Mantra Energy Alternatives (Canada)","funders":"National Science and Technology Major Project; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Hydrate; Saturation (graph theory); Broadband; Clathrate hydrate; Geology; Scale (ratio); Spectral line; Mineralogy; Materials science; Chemistry; Telecommunications; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002021834,0.0002474489,0.0001575166,0.000331242,0.0001509407,0.0002578839,0.000225799,0.0004843327,0.0007017052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005559286,0.0001227952,0.00024771,0.0002713375,0.0003821838,0.0004472994,0.0002508867,0.0001915856,0.00008907787],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003240003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001576526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002157562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001128237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999548,0.000008144538,0.000002874427,0.00001166872,0.00001464164,0.00000781828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998281,0.00007906831,0.00002705648,0.00001637806,0.00003904986,0.00001033316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000100327,0.00008033584,0.00766157,0.00008687568,0.00001891666,0.000354356,0.0001757721,0.8789508,0.09947801,0.002331232,0.0002265507,0.01053517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002822708,0.00002147916,0.0009882434,0.000002209041,0.000002525972,0.00001617093,0.00002517129,0.9942155,0.004437663,0.0001574561,0.0001264563,0.000004317764],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9629399,0.0001207576,0.03350208,0.0001108079,0.00001307123,0.00001505965,0.0000784912,0.0001443663,0.003075446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932724,0.00006953176,0.005937594,0.000012317,0.000002620952,0.00001036664,0.00003674592,0.000007980385,0.0006505827],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002157562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004290044,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01046048027434149,"score_gpt":0.2655950077854331,"score_spread":0.2551345275110916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}