{"id":"W4408384924","doi":"10.1002/uar2.70012","title":"Consumers and farmer awareness and perception of heavy metal contamination in rice: Implications for food safety and sustainability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Urban Agriculture & Regional Food Systems","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Royal Roads University","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Contamination; Perception; Business; Food safety; Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Psychology; Economics; Food science; Chemistry; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004663538,0.0001639768,0.0002897838,0.00005298271,0.0001578796,0.0000215409,0.00007960411,0.0001288418,0.000003270473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007009161,0.0001252574,0.00004107004,0.0002035328,0.0003342452,0.0001546843,0.00008430453,0.0000848343,4.658591e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003746396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002060147,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002646843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003209831,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986992,0.0001475958,0.0003791375,0.000426507,0.0001635317,0.000183972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942,0.0001903698,0.0001264782,0.0001525828,0.00003625126,0.00007425997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001640153,0.0003347171,0.9488656,0.0008176719,0.000138515,3.793416e-7,0.0020064,0.000430586,0.02154511,0.01948537,0.001653001,0.004558653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006631538,0.0002058418,0.9801402,0.00004262274,0.00005417569,0.00001589964,0.003018181,0.0001471024,0.0001052991,0.0004706651,0.01498831,0.0001485429],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991794,0.00172504,0.003149642,0.001373349,0.00006667311,0.001573038,0.00009618967,0.00001332558,0.0002087318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991265,0.0001469928,0.0001155403,0.00004171237,0.0000127034,0.0002067934,0.00004168146,0.00000578856,0.0003022716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03127462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5107848,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0134166487359449,"score_gpt":0.252503244300348,"score_spread":0.2390865955644031,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}