{"id":"W4408514458","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00950","title":"Changes in soil organic carbon and phosphorus status under three different land use systems in a tropical Ultisol","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geoderma Regional","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"Universities Canada","keywords":"Ultisol; Environmental science; Phosphorus; Soil carbon; Tropics; Total organic carbon; Land use; Carbon fibers; Agroforestry; Soil water; Soil science; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Chemistry; Mathematics; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004085634,0.0001434327,0.0002106745,0.00003641075,0.00004192448,0.00005958513,0.00008714307,0.0001308079,0.000009369175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001645797,0.00006265692,0.00002931968,0.0002470508,0.00005830824,0.00003445419,0.00007221405,0.0001583808,9.320858e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008474923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001631869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01018834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2998558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990242,0.00006160715,0.0001598322,0.0002708318,0.0001555826,0.0003280035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996523,0.0001694032,0.00003375727,0.00004932758,0.00002226359,0.00007293437],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006876092,0.00007110999,0.9939362,0.00001007264,0.000008391619,0.00001508341,0.00003745906,0.00002704925,0.003055364,0.0005446305,0.00002793921,0.002197892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005008539,0.00004858664,0.9786614,0.0000512063,0.000006563047,0.00001033109,0.0001583212,0.01958472,0.00007373038,0.0005011237,0.0002749733,0.0001282477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961745,0.001799255,0.000001710644,0.001647357,0.0001121221,0.0001807065,0.00001244612,0.00002644199,0.00004543363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988003,0.0006625542,0.00000269513,0.0003276478,0.00004884544,0.00002980483,0.00003006473,0.000001205743,0.00009684558],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2896674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964029,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02220322899338776,"score_gpt":0.2129946442318761,"score_spread":0.1907914152384883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}