{"id":"W4408525045","doi":"10.5539/ies.v18n2p1","title":"A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning for Teacher Preparation During the COVID-19 Epidemic","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Education and Learning Interventions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Psychology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Mathematics education; Medical education; Pedagogy; Medicine; Virology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01655436,0.001381102,0.006267618,0.01007869,0.000960924,0.003841911,0.002038867,0.00210756,0.005050285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08109178,0.0009354046,0.006358833,0.01083559,0.001014025,0.003434836,0.00178471,0.001571703,0.0003971213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006040404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02600054,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008122435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02412404,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9796646,0.009507905,0.00604363,0.0008027178,0.003593881,0.0003874057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9413107,0.0443362,0.00808162,0.0008015271,0.004742202,0.0007277627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002228317,0.00003837603,0.0003715814,0.9474875,0.003035799,0.00009775078,0.000463953,0.00009339461,0.0001319494,0.000234694,0.001004942,0.0468173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001850346,0.0003369965,0.002353918,0.959011,0.02200936,0.00024911,0.0005783114,0.00006856676,0.0001731358,0.0001981143,0.01480737,0.00002901882],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.002290579,0.9943825,0.0003028506,0.0004725614,0.0002045636,0.001104156,0.0003308147,0.00001310428,0.0008988475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02021698,0.976153,0.00118349,0.0005259773,0.0000845866,0.001484748,0.0001828012,0.000007488946,0.0001609969],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01655436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08754885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1508378767870743,"score_gpt":0.5192573860117172,"score_spread":0.3684195092246429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}