{"id":"W4408534243","doi":"10.1017/s1557466014026953","title":"Race-Making and Colonial Violence in the U.S. Empire: The Philippine-American War as Race War","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Japan focus","topic":"Asian American and Pacific Histories","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ateneo de Manila University; York University; Yale University","keywords":"Race (biology); Empire; Colonialism; Spanish Civil War; Gender studies; Political science; History; Criminology; Ancient history; Sociology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001298641,0.0001349144,0.0002269164,0.00004116155,0.0008503706,0.00005461684,0.0004878495,0.00005231423,0.00008138218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000511455,0.00008548728,0.00005066766,0.0005541633,0.002053328,0.00009749261,0.00004739754,0.0002571218,0.0000771808],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008581343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001311052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008232241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007684491,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980768,0.0007168812,0.0001829252,0.0002624274,0.0003863406,0.0003746434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988897,0.0005486936,0.0001598311,0.0002975653,0.00003133262,0.00007282727],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005572185,0.00004541554,0.01248608,0.00000552231,0.00001171492,0.000007979894,0.5508794,0.000002760534,0.00004389522,0.00952359,0.003228157,0.4237098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002445797,0.0002072131,0.0102957,0.00005159194,0.00001959664,0.00001009246,0.1940718,0.00006191669,0.00001492809,0.002759668,0.7919962,0.0002666624],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6947331,0.00130254,0.00008472158,0.02350948,0.0006229288,0.0005261762,0.000005843205,0.00009979527,0.2791154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972138,0.0003928383,0.00009036921,0.00100965,0.0004328964,0.00002725266,5.157645e-7,0.00001099774,0.0008216455],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7887681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008978593646837552,"score_gpt":0.2844335032840992,"score_spread":0.2754549096372616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}