{"id":"W4408538214","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5104939","title":"Regulating Autonomous Systems in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"European and International Contract Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002864508,0.0001469496,0.0002436796,0.0001335451,0.0002564497,0.0001860739,0.0006807233,0.0001052224,0.00002149734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002393609,0.0001531264,0.00008301725,0.0001146791,0.00003354996,0.00009231523,0.0001254483,0.003645086,0.000004563993],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01968126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.09635228,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9795524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9975748,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967533,0.0004428683,0.0004591878,0.0002184524,0.0005041845,0.001622029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992011,0.0001098759,0.0003191842,0.0001339633,0.0001571711,0.00007874922],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009415706,0.00001078754,0.002054745,0.00001360765,0.00008224948,0.00001436172,0.0002804931,0.005254955,0.000001979482,0.987472,0.0001804553,0.004624967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001488845,0.00009649766,0.005509,0.002348949,0.0001105821,0.00008990979,0.03284666,0.01064869,0.00001147709,0.3097896,0.635521,0.001538756],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.39947,0.02311376,0.0008833947,0.005028801,0.009585978,0.0007757916,0.00004830299,0.00007056109,0.5610235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648546,0.003003978,0.00001158622,0.0001328364,0.0007510071,0.000005184974,0.000005714218,0.00001062084,0.03122448],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6776823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01251441237152156,"score_gpt":0.2699381318136401,"score_spread":0.2574237194421186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}