{"id":"W4408540603","doi":"10.1109/tps.2025.3545973","title":"Electron Filament Structures of Injected Electrons in LWFA","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","topic":"Atomic and Molecular Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Institutul de Fizică Atomică; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Protein filament; Electron; Plasma; Atomic physics; Physics; Materials science; Nuclear physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001227551,0.0001728255,0.0001866782,0.0002797967,0.0003192571,0.0003750027,0.0003888319,0.0003696347,0.001583447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005104252,0.000152125,0.0002605481,0.0001563566,0.0003182701,0.0003532174,0.0002860484,0.0003529204,0.0001378293],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003961373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002228024,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00261613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001251693,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999493,0.000004830347,0.00000187701,0.000007977655,0.00001272527,0.00002324008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998026,0.00006221001,0.00003466824,0.00002000684,0.0000280322,0.00005244656],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002082103,0.0004949241,0.05102459,0.0002360445,0.0002140385,0.005034341,0.002941456,0.4694313,0.4283037,0.0113082,0.002882626,0.02604675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008261319,0.0003265349,0.03215715,0.00003045912,0.00002832077,0.0003304127,0.0002948585,0.9094301,0.05384986,0.00193306,0.001489803,0.00004683711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945217,0.00007496568,0.003772847,0.00005233453,0.000009858504,0.00001104039,0.00007512457,0.0001656587,0.001316412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981384,0.0000249141,0.001240585,0.00001214283,0.000003147133,0.000009895205,0.00009970365,0.00002007498,0.0004512045],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00261613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005297184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004110110248182177,"score_gpt":0.2510132861380031,"score_spread":0.2469031758898209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}