{"id":"W4408636813","doi":"10.20517/ir.2025.11","title":"Digital twins to embodied artificial intelligence: review and perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence & Robotics","topic":"Digital Transformation in Industry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Embodied cognition; Perspective (graphical); Cognitive science; Psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008074009,0.0008240874,0.001004793,0.003290721,0.0005081393,0.002448359,0.0009180221,0.001942201,0.004986905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001922133,0.0003967803,0.0006071563,0.004082331,0.001538136,0.003439563,0.001365324,0.002059545,0.001656921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001106031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002181313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001587334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001880697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996699,0.00007458773,0.00005178172,0.00006288876,0.0001073201,0.00003342779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984105,0.001139373,0.000119323,0.00003757664,0.0002146717,0.00007845997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006441961,0.00008260251,0.0003553535,0.0312366,0.00009904741,0.0002911643,0.0004474344,0.0007520302,0.0008707889,0.0600332,0.03325251,0.8725148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005296528,0.00005686538,0.0005431553,0.008764604,0.00007709935,0.0007457793,0.0002746854,0.0001454707,0.0003449874,0.00945353,0.9795632,0.0000254054],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000143572,0.9963378,0.0003522946,0.0005897742,0.0003261383,0.000003290475,0.00001059067,0.000005991232,0.002230604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001447031,0.9971504,0.0002562561,0.0004077709,0.0003017897,0.000006011755,0.0000161471,0.000002741652,0.0004119041],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004986905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01668286,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03241780980983142,"score_gpt":0.2992149102748157,"score_spread":0.2667971004649843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}