{"id":"W4408674945","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132063","title":"Synthesis of carbon-based materials by methane pyrolysis in a low-current gliding arc discharge","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surface and Coatings Technology","topic":"Carbon Nanotubes in Composites","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Methane; Current (fluid); Pyrolysis; Electric arc; Carbon fibers; Arc (geometry); Materials science; Environmental science; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Electrical engineering; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008975942,0.0002303336,0.0001830347,0.0002596002,0.0002584986,0.0001938448,0.0002525831,0.0002478931,0.001106276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001221925,0.0001613988,0.0001789251,0.0001921414,0.0001833521,0.0002219129,0.000161155,0.0002885633,0.0002778253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000266919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000250028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004996005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001509584,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999278,0.000005200948,0.000003786131,0.00001294694,0.00003002808,0.0000202273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999617,0.000008973847,0.000007873014,0.000006685424,0.000006904987,0.000007805497],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003195142,0.000008438287,0.00007302991,0.0000663068,0.000003755676,0.00005968046,0.00002529173,0.0001923165,0.9972083,0.000357148,0.00004996577,0.001923824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005067806,0.00006120089,0.0006985956,0.000002197544,0.000003308388,0.00003941825,0.000009831433,0.0007165021,0.9970647,0.00004857942,0.001346995,0.000003533151],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882357,0.0008802119,0.005412619,0.00009645572,0.00004897998,0.00003123341,0.0001836916,0.000183753,0.004927341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931833,0.0002652563,0.004521494,0.00001454912,0.000007093909,0.00001367087,0.0001225344,0.00003810913,0.001833952],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001106276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003700793,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005912062675447467,"score_gpt":0.2481985953170285,"score_spread":0.242286532641581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}