{"id":"W4408771485","doi":"10.3390/en18071601","title":"Optimal Protection Coordination for Grid-Connected and Islanded Microgrids Assisted by the Crow Search Algorithm: Application of Dual-Setting Overcurrent Relays and Fault Current Limiters","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Power Systems Fault Detection","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Overcurrent; Dual (grammatical number); Grid; Computer science; Algorithm; Limiter; Fault (geology); Current (fluid); Reliability engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002964706,0.0001379215,0.000151234,0.0001395908,0.0001419157,0.00006341314,0.00005511884,0.00008504118,3.796247e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004991088,0.0001198979,0.00003398673,0.0002528881,0.00004956988,0.0001272993,0.00003268102,0.000142923,2.498005e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000889303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001255989,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006944076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001763581,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991983,0.00005656225,0.0002601505,0.0002068401,0.0001162715,0.0001619137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999557,0.0001139174,0.0000684613,0.0001343199,0.0001039013,0.00002237909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002933266,0.00002834038,0.0001890095,0.0005104411,0.00008548493,8.076369e-8,0.0005618928,0.007140241,0.207928,0.00005276614,0.002074896,0.7813995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009463155,0.00008271389,0.003642957,0.0001633493,0.00005565262,0.000009558469,0.0004023242,0.7661586,0.2032367,0.00002908791,0.02507917,0.0001935494],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7366291,0.0026151,0.258563,0.000172756,0.0006969989,0.001054024,0.00006509687,0.0001766108,0.00002727077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981775,0.00008226596,0.0008930109,0.000003757752,0.00007599907,0.0006422697,0.0000711108,0.00001746364,0.00003665011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.781206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4889295,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007886667730602355,"score_gpt":0.2472611721305623,"score_spread":0.23937450439996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}