{"id":"W4408777680","doi":"10.1144/sp556-2025-16","title":"Bedding surfaces: true substrates and Earth's historical archive – an introduction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geological Society London Special Publications","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Bedding; Geology; Siliciclastic; Sedimentary rock; Paleontology; Bed; Sedimentary structures; Geologic record; Earth science; Sedimentary depositional environment; Structural basin","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007166417,0.0005772157,0.0004334968,0.004402209,0.002303672,0.004655205,0.0006360663,0.001661939,0.01028658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001635477,0.0003507061,0.0002005553,0.005348862,0.004093537,0.005796379,0.001957999,0.002020792,0.001458406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002024569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001036657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005720336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008140537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996742,0.0001019757,0.00004574799,0.00005646246,0.00008330467,0.00003825838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989526,0.0007209083,0.00006942848,0.00006322307,0.0001196286,0.00007406993],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004776219,0.0000406195,0.001804316,0.001875294,0.00001492734,0.0005960691,0.02125802,0.0005421229,0.0007795887,0.6077865,0.1405777,0.224677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001069052,0.00001764008,0.00190918,0.0007894892,0.000002752306,0.0003375552,0.0021028,0.0000525568,0.00005908494,0.01550889,0.9792103,0.000008738456],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01441651,0.6756599,0.007709076,0.02075575,0.01108857,0.000108094,0.001263686,0.0001293693,0.268869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1351844,0.7357957,0.009535728,0.007409801,0.01751023,0.0001821709,0.002223406,0.0002809998,0.09187753],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01028658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03441203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02121888786100579,"score_gpt":0.2517013754568297,"score_spread":0.2304824875958239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}