{"id":"W4408803030","doi":"10.1177/10591478251331345","title":"Competitive Industry’s Response to Environmental Taxation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Production and Operations Management","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Cournot competition; Commodity; Economics; Uniqueness; Competition (biology); Microeconomics; Product (mathematics); Unit (ring theory); Industrial organization; Perfect competition; Product differentiation; Business; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007494786,0.0001348675,0.0002435004,0.0003694792,0.0002226515,0.001084876,0.0003645087,0.001025888,0.007024024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00482411,0.000119226,0.0004355172,0.0003831338,0.0003525149,0.0006718817,0.0004232161,0.0006066042,0.0005519968],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001283593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005270475,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008148757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008116758,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996634,0.0000995052,0.00001170397,0.00004597567,0.00005161621,0.0001279206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977612,0.001093537,0.0006054605,0.0001149222,0.0002537489,0.0001711274],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00112528,0.001316344,0.1465807,0.0002864427,0.0003404414,0.002072543,0.001190987,0.4936868,0.03125471,0.2673781,0.01466452,0.04010322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001849938,0.000547106,0.1837593,0.00004144041,0.0001214995,0.0003951118,0.00371556,0.7052278,0.006345049,0.08685322,0.01270435,0.000104504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9688799,0.0001189955,0.003486697,0.001314099,0.00001927163,0.00002768997,0.000257396,0.00003385638,0.0258619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976787,0.00004764206,0.0001766059,0.0000910091,0.000004585243,0.000005021513,0.00006328834,0.000002756999,0.001930411],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008148757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0234977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03388734998127937,"score_gpt":0.2469786460830049,"score_spread":0.2130912961017256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}