{"id":"W4408849865","doi":"10.1103/physrevphyseducres.21.010124","title":"Improving undergraduate astronomy students’ skills with research literature via accessible summaries: An exploratory case study with Astrobites-based reading assignments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Physics Education Research","topic":"Career Development and Diversity","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Toronto","funders":"Virginia Space Grant Consortium; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Space Telescope Science Institute; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reading (process); Mathematics education; Exploratory research; Computer science; Psychology; Sociology; Linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004641111,0.0002569522,0.0004064134,0.0003429324,0.002345562,0.001177773,0.0009544037,0.0000458201,0.00002159743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000257207,0.000208996,0.00007042669,0.00467971,0.0005612931,0.001362324,0.0003717331,0.00102842,0.00003087634],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009202553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005627402,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002255632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00102877,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9926282,0.002657341,0.0002608943,0.0008151654,0.00278569,0.0008526981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953857,0.0008301474,0.0001277492,0.0006816269,0.00258825,0.0003865467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004652235,0.02908099,0.5661365,0.00381702,0.0005624729,0.0003294554,0.06572231,0.00005552734,0.000315106,0.01810296,0.009784222,0.3056282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01117443,0.009022597,0.03614163,0.04853598,0.001372244,0.00001796632,0.7999381,0.0005452806,0.003088722,0.03251652,0.0528066,0.004839856],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.986774,0.0008752072,0.002556899,0.001287687,0.0001538771,0.004613494,0.00001299406,0.00009208432,0.003633791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965536,0.0002143625,0.0008107491,0.0001530247,0.0003175383,0.0007887107,0.00008396393,0.0000256223,0.00105245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7342159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07172789867500298,"score_gpt":0.4832029744187009,"score_spread":0.4114750757436979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}