{"id":"W4408884128","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2152","title":"Quantitative Bias Analysis for Single-Arm Trials With External Control Arms","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JAMA Network Open","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Confounding; Hazard ratio; Observational study; Randomized controlled trial; Medicine; Hazard; Statistics; Confidence interval; Internal medicine; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.769436,0.004759013,0.01240955,0.01043291,0.00213058,0.01111808,0.00776792,0.00936603,0.009915144],"category_scores_gemma":[0.8915393,0.002748938,0.02710063,0.01092816,0.009115583,0.009725792,0.008107289,0.009979814,0.001467629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007326901,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0123263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001774857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001154967,"domain_scores_codex":[0.0899179,0.8161454,0.0565578,0.01204645,0.02453766,0.0007948474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.04799454,0.8439722,0.05021707,0.04497035,0.01221667,0.0006291121],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":"methods","study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01444494,0.0006038069,0.04953825,0.1569277,0.2186593,0.0007954457,0.004208554,0.03557741,0.00176049,0.1750636,0.03252156,0.3098989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01780461,0.008255716,0.02509484,0.06133936,0.07279012,0.001156721,0.001106774,0.1582423,0.00761271,0.5173502,0.1277003,0.001546269],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.006453867,0.02456289,0.9050786,0.009244403,0.005540517,0.03859145,0.003627698,0.001409887,0.005490628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1995022,0.003767032,0.6749899,0.009212763,0.002079824,0.1073014,0.001618195,0.0004825205,0.00104615],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.230564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2843265,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4142205521263314,"score_gpt":0.4922927344219821,"score_spread":0.07807218229565066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}